Status Anemia dan Status Iodium Urine Pada Anak Stunting Usia 12-23 Bulan di Kota Batu
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Abstract
Beban ganda masalah gizi masyarakat sangat perlu menjadi perhatian saat ini yaitu kekurangan gizi (stunting dan wasting) tetapi juga kelebihan gizi. Stunting merupakan dampak dari kekurangan gizi kronis yang berlangsung dalam jangka waktu yang lama. Faktor penyebab langsung kejadian stunting pada balita adalah kurangnya jumlah asupan gizi dalam waktu lama dan menderita sakit infeksi yang berulang. Anak yang stunting akan lebih rentan terhadap penyakit dan mempunyai resiko lebih tinggi menderita penyakit pada usia dewasa. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis hubungan status anemia, status iodium urine dengan kejadian stunting. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional dengan menggunakan rancangan cross sectional, populasi adalah balita yang diukur panjang badan dan tinggi badan di posyandu yang mempunyai status gizi pendek dan sangat pandek, sampel penelitian adalah baduta usia 12-23 bulan yang dilakukan validasi pengukuran ulang sebanyak 75 baduta. Analisis data untuk menguji hubungan dan faktor resiko menggunakan uji statistik Chi-Square. Persentase status gizi responden menurut indikator TB(PB)/U adalah 26,7 persen normal, 73,3 persen pendek dan sangat pendek (stunting). Analisis hubungan status iodium urine dengan stunting menunjukkan p=0,867 tidak ada hubungan yang bermakna antara status iodium urine dengan status gizi. Hubungan status anemia dengan stunting menunjukkan p=0,01 (OR=6,47; 95%CI:1,36-30,66) artinya ada hubungan bermakna status anemia dengan stunting. Kesimpulan ada hubungan status anemia dengan kejadian stunting pada baduta 12-23 bulan. Intervensi penanganan dan pencegahan stunting juga menitikberatkan pada edukasi kepada orang tua balita untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan gizi dan asupan gizi mikro khususnya fe, asam folat dan protein pada balita.
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